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Advisory Committee for Aeronautics : ウィキペディア英語版
Advisory Committee for Aeronautics

The Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (ACA) was a United Kingdom agency founded on April 30, 1909 to undertake, promote, and institutionalize aeronautical research. In 1919 it was renamed the Aeronautical Research Committee, later becoming the Aeronautical Research Council.
Following the establishment of this committee, other countries created similar agencies, notably the French ''L’Etablissement Central de l’Aérostation Militaire'' in Meudon (now ''Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches Aerospatiales''), the Russian "Aerodynamic
Institute of Koutchino" and the U.S.A.'s National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, founded in 1915.
The Aeronautical Research Council was disbanded in 1979.
==Origins==

The idea for the creation of the ACA originated with the then Secretary of State for War, R.B.Haldane (later First Viscount Haldane), who was supported in his efforts by the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Herbert Asquith.
Asquith announced the committee's appointment in a statement to the House of Commons on May 5, 1909, in which he stated:
"With a view to securing that the highest scientific talent shall he brought to hear on the problems which will have to be solved in the course of the work of the two departments, the National Physical Laboratory has been requested to organize at its establishment at Teddington a special department for continuous investigation, experimental and otherwise,of questions which must from time to time be solved in order to obtain adequate guidance in construction.
"For the superintendence of the investigations at the National Physical Laboratory and for general advice on the scientific problems arising in connection with the work of the Admiralty and War Office in aerial construction and navigation, I have appointed a special Committee...."

Haldane was criticised for what some considered the undue preponderance of academics on the committee (7 of the original 10 members were Fellows of the premier British learned society for science, the Royal Society, founded in 1660). To these criticisms Asquith replied in the House of Commons:
"It is no part of the general duty of the Advisory Committee For Aeronautics either to construct or invent. Its function is not to initiate, but to consider what is initiated elsewhere, and is referred to it by the executive officers of the Navy and Army Construction Departments. The problems which are likely to arise ... for solutions are numerous, and it will be the work of the Committee to advise on these problems, and to seek their solution by the application of both theoretical and experimental methods of research".


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